词根信息

词根: und 来源: 拉丁语 unda(波浪) 变体: und- 关联词根: vent(来)


und — 水、波动、流动

核心含义

拉丁语 unda = wave(波浪)。水波的「溢出」和「起伏」引申出两条线:

  1. “溢出 → 过多” → abundant, abundance, redundant
  2. “波浪 → 涌入/淹没” → inundate, undulate

派生词网络

Tier 1 — 雅思高频核心

单词拆解字面义实际义
abundantab-(离开) + und(水) + -ant像水一样溢出丰富的、充足的
abundanceab-(离开) + und(水) + -ance溢出的状态大量、丰富
redundantre-(再) + und(水) + -ant反复溢出 → 多余多余的、冗赘的、被裁员的

Tier 2 — 重要扩展

单词拆解字面义实际义
inundatein-(入) + und(水) + -ate水涌入淹没、使应接不暇
undulateund(水) + -ulate(动词)像波浪一样起伏波动、起伏

例句(IELTS 场景)

  • abundantAbundant natural resources do not always lead to economic prosperity.
    • 写作 Task 2 经济话题:abundant resources / evidence / opportunities
  • abundanceThe region has an abundance of renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar.
    • 写作 Task 1 描述资源:an abundance of
  • redundantThe opposite of “abundant” and a common IELTS vocabulary item.
    • 写作:redundant workers / make something redundant / become redundant
    • 阅读职场话题高频:被裁员、多余的步骤
  • inundateThe company was inundated with applications after the job posting.
    • 写作/阅读:be inundated with calls / complaints / applications

常见搭配速记

搭配含义场景
an abundance of大量的写作 Task 1
abundant evidence充足的证据写作 Task 2
make someone redundant裁员阅读职场话题
be inundated with被…淹没/充斥着写作/阅读

易混辨析

  • abundant vs plentiful:abundant 更正式,学术写作首选;plentiful 偏口语
  • redundant 在英式英语中常指”被裁员”(made redundant),美式多用 laid off
  • abundance vs abundant:名词/形容词——There is an abundance of data / The data is abundant

相关词根

  • vent(来)→ convenient — inundate 的语义近似”大量涌来”